BARIATRIC SURGERY (weight-loss surgery)

Includes a variety of procedures performed on people who are obese. Weight loss is achieved by reducing the size of the stomach with an implanted medical device (gastric banding) or through removal of a portion of the stomach (sleeve gastrectomy or biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch) or by resecting and re-routing the small intestines to a small stomach pouch (gastric bypass surgery).


Long-term studies show the procedures cause significant long-term loss of weight, recovery from diabetes, improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, and a reduction in mortality of 23% from 40%.
   
 

• Gastric Bypass

Is a modified version of the Roux procedure. Developed by a Mayo surgeon, it is preferred for severely obese people (usually men who weigh more than 400 pounds and women over 350 pounds). This procedure differs from the standard Roux-en-Y in that the bypassed segment of intestine containing the digestive juices is attached to the food-carrying intestine closer to the large intestine. This further restricts nutrient and calorie absorption.
   
 

• Laparoscopic gastric banding

Involves placing an inflatable band around the upper portion of the stomach to restrict the amount of food you can consume. This minimally invasive procedure is adjustable and reversible.
 

 
 

• Sleeve gastrectomy

Involves surgically removing the left side of the stomach, leaving a much smaller stomach about the size and shape of a banana.
 
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